Age: 2 yr
Size: 6-12"
Height at maturity: Typically reaches 50–80 feet (15–24 meters) as a large tree, occasionally up to 100–150 feet (30–46 meters) in optimal conditions. Young trees can be maintained as smaller specimens in managed landscapes.
Diameter: The trunk of a mature tree can reach 2–4 feet (60–120 cm) in diameter. The canopy spread is typically 20–40 feet (6–12 meters) wide, depending on growing conditions.
Crown shape: Develops a broad, conical to irregularly rounded crown with soft, flexible needles in whorled branches. Young trees have a symmetrical, pyramidal shape, while mature trees become more open and irregular with horizontal branching.
Benefits: Produces soft, bluish-green needles and large, slender cones that provide food and habitat for wildlife, including birds (e.g., pine siskins) and small mammals like squirrels. Offers year-round evergreen beauty, making it ideal for windbreaks, privacy screens, or ornamental landscaping. Its lightweight, straight-grained wood is valued for construction, furniture, and shipbuilding. Tolerates a range of conditions but may be sensitive to urban stressors like air pollution or salt. Supports forest ecosystems and provides shade. Relatively low maintenance but susceptible to pests like white pine weevil or diseases like white pine blister rust.
Best soil type: Prefers well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 5.5–7.0). Thrives in sandy or loamy soils with moderate fertility and moisture. Tolerates clay soils but requires good drainage to prevent root rot. Performs best in full sun for optimal growth.