Age: 1 yr
Size: 18-24"
Height at maturity: Typically reaches 15–25 feet (4.5–7.6 meters) as a small tree, though it can occasionally grow up to 35 feet (10.7 meters) in optimal conditions. Often grows as a multi-stemmed shrub or thicket, reaching 10–20 feet (3–6 meters) in height.
Diameter: When grown as a single-stemmed tree, the trunk can reach up to 12–18 inches (30–46 cm) in diameter. As a multi-stemmed shrub, the overall spread can be 10–20 feet (3–6 meters) wide.
Crown shape: Develops an irregular, rounded, or spreading crown with a dense, twiggy appearance. Young plants are more upright, while mature specimens spread broadly, often forming thickets due to suckering roots.
Benefits: Produces edible, juicy plums (red to purple, ripening in late summer) that are enjoyed by humans and wildlife, including birds and mammals. Provides spring interest with showy white flowers (April–May) that attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. Offers vibrant fall foliage in shades of yellow, orange, or red. Supports wildlife by providing food and cover. Tolerates a range of conditions, including drought and poor soils, making it suitable for reclamation or erosion control. Low maintenance but may require pruning to manage suckering and maintain shape.
Best soil type: Thrives in well-drained, loamy soils with a pH of 6.0–7.5. Adapts to a variety of soil types, including sandy, clay, or rocky soils, and tolerates both moist and dry conditions. Prefers moderately fertile soils but can grow in nutrient-poor environments.