Age: 1 yr
Size: 18-24"
Height at maturity: Typically reaches 50–80 feet (15–24 meters) as a medium to large tree, occasionally up to 100 feet (30 meters) in optimal conditions. Can also grow as a smaller tree or large shrub in less favorable settings.
Diameter: The trunk of a mature tree can reach 1–3 feet (30–90 cm) in diameter. The canopy spread is typically 30–50 feet (9–15 meters) wide, depending on growing conditions.
Crown shape: Develops an oval to rounded crown with a moderately dense, spreading canopy. Young trees are more upright and conical, maturing to a broader, irregularly rounded form with drooping branches.
Benefits: Produces small, dark purple-black cherries (ripening in late summer) that are edible for humans (often used in jellies, wines, or baked goods) and highly valued by wildlife, including birds (e.g., robins, thrushes) and mammals (e.g., bears, raccoons). Offers ornamental appeal with showy white flower clusters (April–May) that attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, glossy green leaves in summer, and yellow to reddish fall foliage. Its high-quality wood is prized for furniture, cabinetry, and veneer. Supports forest ecosystems and provides shade. Tolerates a range of conditions but may be susceptible to pests like black cherry aphid or diseases like cherry leaf spot. Low maintenance but may require pruning for shape.
Best soil type: Prefers moist, well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 5.5–7.0). Thrives in fertile, loamy soils but adapts to sandy or clay soils with adequate drainage. Performs best in full sun to partial shade, with consistent moisture for optimal growth.